Compressor unit construction



Aug. 7, 1934. M. R. KARGE COMPRESSOR UNIT CONSTRUCTION e IOU INVENTORY/7AXWELL Patented Aug. 7, 1934 UNITED STATES COMPRESSOR U'NI'I"CONSITRUCTION 7' Maxwell R. Karge, Brockport, N. Y.

Application April 16, 1932,

Serial nm eoassz 7 Claims. (01.230-212) the construction ofrefrigerating units and its various component parts and the inventionhas for one of its objects to provide a construction for such units inwhich the compressor and condenser are built up from interchangeableparts.

Another object of the invention is to so construct most of theindividual parts of the refrigerating unit that they may be used tobuild up units of different refrigerating capacity.

- Another object of the invention is to provide the compressor cylinderwith a novel form of valve which increases the efficiency of thecompressor and makes its operation practically noiseless. I

Another object of this invention is to build up a compressor unit insuch a manner that the several parts thereof may be fastened togetherbetween them which permits sufficient ad ustment between the severalparts so as to bring about a perfect alignment between them when theseparts are fastened together. I

Another object of this invention is to build up the condenser unit insuch a manner that its heads provide a perfect base for the condenser aswell as supporting members for the compressor and the motor drivethereof.

' Another object of this invention'is to provide the condenser withrectangularly shaped heads so that angle iron members can be used toconnect them and form a rigid base on which the compressor unit ismounted above the condenser.

' Another object of this invention is to so construct the cylinderassembly of the compressor clearance between the piston and t e cylindermay be varied. this invention is to provide the compressor with acylinder having a combined cylinder head and water j dependent of thecylinder proper.

All these and other objects of this invention will become more readilyapparent from the detailed description of the invention, reference beinghad to the accompanying drawings in which Figure 1 is a side elevationing unit built up of interchangeable parts, with parts of the condenserof the section.

Figure 2 is a denser; the section of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is an enlarged end elevation of the condenser and a verticalcross section of the ss compressor mounted thereon.

being taken on acket unit in.

unit illustrated in vertical cross section of the conthe line film-23?ing is placed into the annular grooves of the bear- Figure 4 is ahorizontal sectional view of the cylinder of the compressor, the sectionbeing taken onthe line lac -4a: of Figure 3. Y

Figure 5 is a vertical sectional view of the crank case of thecompressor, the section being Figure 6 1s an enlarged vertical sectionalview of the upperportion of the cylinder of the compressor illustratingthe novel form of valve provided therein; 7 Y 6 Figure '1 is a detailperspective view of the reedvalve of the compressor. v

Figure 8 is a side elevation of a two cylinder compressor built up ofinterchangeable parts.

In the several figures of the drawings like reference numeralsindicatelike parts.

The refrigerating unit forming the subject matter of my presentinvention comprises the compressor 1, the condenser 2, the trap 3 in thepipe line connecting the compressor with the condenser and'thedrivingmotor 4 mounted on top' of the condenser 2am connected by a belt 5'withthe pulley 'fly wheel'fi of the compressor 1.

Both the compressor and the condenser are mostly built up of parts whichare interchangeableandso constructed that they may be used in buildingup units of different capacities. The illustrated as part of therefrigerating unit is provided with a crank case made up of thecylindrical has its open ends finished 5 off into the 8. These flangesare adapted 9- and 10 rectangular bearing blocks or ends 11 and 12respectively. bearing blocks are provided the bearings 13 and'l lrespectively which are located so as to be in line with each other whenthe cylindrical flanges "I and 8 of the cylindrical body of the crankcase are nested into the annular grooves 11 and 120i the bearing blocks.The crank shaft 5 15 is suspended between bearings of the bearing blocksbefore the bearing blocks are fastened together against the cylindricalbody of thecrank case. The bearing blocks are fastened against the crankcase by the four tie bolts 16, 1'7, 18 and 19 which pass thru suitableholes in the corners of the bearing blocks'on the outside of thecylindrical section of the crankcase and nuts 20 are threaded on' theends'of the bolts to draw the blocks toward each other against thecylindrical 5 body of the crank case. A suitable yielding packing blocksto'provide an oil proof joint therein.

7 In drawing the bearing :blocks together the nuts 20 are alternatelytightened so as to keep the bearfirmly anchored to the crank case.

The cylinder .head

reduced top of the cylinder 21 them.

The cylinder 21 is 6, while the cylinderhead 26 1s atthe same timeclamped. in place on the cylinder by means of the Watenjacket and-sealthe jacket. 5

This built up construction has the ofusing interchangeable partsnfacture d in'quantities in the vided with a rectangular hole 36 26- is.telescoped over the of the disc valve. only in the case the operation ofthe compressor at a, high efiiciency.

valve ports 35;

which only gases are compressed .againstlthe ,dlsc

'; the cooling tubes and contain a by the piston and this happens onlyoccasionally. During ninety per cent of the operation of .the compressorthe normal operation of the reed valve is sufficient to force the gasesinto the circulating system, and when moisture is present in the gases,the operation of the reed valve, as governed by the expansion spring 39,will take care of the passing of the gases thru the valve ports in thedisc valve. The disc valve may be made of steel but it has been found inpractice that an aluminum valve may be used and this will deaden thesound of the contact of the valve with the end of the cylinder duringits operation.

The condenser used in the refrigerating unit as illustrated in Figure 1is also built up of interchangeable members and comprises the cylinderproject into the annular the rectangular heads 48 are drawn against theends of the cylinder by the tie rods 50, 51, 52 and 53 by means ofsu'table nuts 50A, a suitable packing being provided in the annulargrooves to provide a tight joint between the cylinder and the headsthereof.

The cooling tubes 54 pass and its heads 48 and 49 and are held in placein the heads by means of the bushngs 55 which are threaded to the endsof the cooling tubes and project into pockets which surround the ends ofpacking which the bushings are tightened thru the cylinder 46 iscompressed when on the tubes.

Held clamped to the outside of the heads 48 and 49 are the auxiliaryheads 56 and 57 respectively. These heads are drawn together against theheads 48 and 49 with a suitable packing between them by meansof the tierods 58 which pass thru the center of the cooling tubes. The passage ofthe condensing water thru the cooling tube is thus restricted by the tierods but the cooling eificiency of the amount of water which passestherethru is brought to a maximum by keeping the condensing water incontact with the the cooling tubes. Nuts 59 ;are threaded to the ends ofthe tie rods to draw the auxiliary heads against the heads proper andprovide a tight joint between them.

The inside of the auxiliary heads is divided into compartments andauxiliary head 56 is provided with the partitions 60 and 61. An inlet 62and an outlet 63 is also provided in this head and the cooling waterenters due to the partition 60 passes thru the bottom cooling tube intothe inside of the auxiliary head 5'7. This head has but one partition 64in the middle of it so that the cooling water entering the lower half ofthe auxiliary head is directed back to the first auxiliary head thru thelower two of the central cooling tubes. The condensing water thusreenters the first auxiliary head above the partition 60 and is directedback to the second auxiliary head thru the upper two of the centralcooling tubes. This brings the condensing water above the centralpartition of the auxiliary head 5'7 from where it flows back to theupper compartment of the first auxiliary head thru the upper coolingtube and then out of this auxiliary head thru the pipe 65 into the waterjacket of the compressor 1.

On top of the condenser on a suitable supporting plate 66 is mounted thebase 67 of the driving motor 4 and this motor, as above described,drives the compressor by means of the belt 5.

The compressor is connected with the cylinder said cylindrical flangesnest into 45 by means of a pipe line 68 in which the trap 69 is located.This trap comprises a tubular member which is connected to the pipe lineby the nipples '70 and 11. In the tubular member is mounted the standpipe '72 which forms a continuation of the portion of the pipe lineleading from the trap so that all gases have to pass thru this standpipe in their passage to the condenser. In the top of the stand pipe '72are provided one or more inlets '73 and on top of the stand pipe ismounted a cap '74 with a flange '75 extending to within a short distanceof the inside periph-. ery of the tubular member. Any oil entering thetrap is thus forced against the inner wall of the trap and collects inthe bottom of the trap while the gases are free to pass around the cap'74 and its flange '75 and enter directly into the inlet '73 of thestand pipe '72. In the bottom of the condenser is provided the outlet 76to which is connected the cooling system fed by the refrigerating unit.The return from the cooling system is connected to the inlet 7'7 in theside of the cylinder of the compressor 1.

In Figure 8, 1 have illustrated the manner in which a two cylindercompressor is built up from the interchangeable parts. In this case alonger central cylindrical body 80 is used for the crank; case, while adouble cylinder head 81 is mounted over the two cylinders. The cylinderhead and cylinders are fastened together and anchored to the crank caseby means of the three tie bolts 82, 83 and 84. Compressors with three ormore cylinders may be built up in the same manner as the two cylindercompressor.

The rectangular heads 48 and 49 of the condenser provide a perfect basefor the condenser at each end thereof and at the same time serve assupporting members for the compressor and motor drive. For this latterpurpose the heads have the channel member '70 fastened thereto in such amanner that the sides of this member embrace the upper portion of theheads and provide an extremely rigid and strong connection between themon which the compressor and motor drive is mounted. 120

I claim: 1. In a compressor construction the combinahaving an openingtherein, a

tion of a crank case cylinder having one end thereof nested into saidopening, a cylinder head, a water jacket sur- 125 rounding said cylinderhead, said cylinder head with its water jacket being telescoped over thetop of said cylinder, and tie bolts anchored in said crank case andpassing thru said water jacket to simultaneously fasten said cylinderhead to said cylinder and said cylinder to said crank casing.

2. In a compressor construction the combination of a crank case havingan opening therein,

a cylinder having one end thereof nested into said opening, a cylinderhead telescoped over the top 135 of said cylinder, and tie boltsanchored in said crank case and passing thru said cylinder head tosimultaneously fasten said cylinder head to said cylinder and saidcylinder to said crank casing, a water jacket formed in said cylinderhead with one end open and the other closed, a cover for the open endand means carried by said tie rods to clamp said cover over the open endof said water jacket.

3. In a compressor construction the combination of a crank casecomprising a central hollow member, cylindrical flanges formed on theends of said hollow member, heads having annular grooves provided on theinside thereof to have said grooves,

in line with each other. a 4. In a compressor the combination of acylinder, a; comblned cylinder head and water jacket a head at each endof said shell, each head hav- 180 with the center of said'shellr- *7. a,compressor, construction the combinae tion of a crank case comprising anopen ended with the center of said shell, each of said heads a MAXWELLR. KARGE..:-.

